Ahamartomaisabenign,noncancerousgrowthconsistingofanabnormalmixtureofnativetissue.Althoughthistumor-likelesionresemblesaneoplasm,itdoesnotexhibitneoplastictendenciessuchasacceleratedgrowth,localinvasionofsurroundingtissues,ormetastaticspread.
错构瘤由自体组织异常混合组成,呈良性,非癌性生长。尽管这种肿瘤样病变类似于肿瘤,但它没有表现出肿瘤的倾向,例如加速生长、周围组织局部侵犯或转移扩散。
Hypothalamichamartomasareexceedinglyraredevelopmentalanomaliesclassicallyassociatedwithendocrineabnormalitiesandepilepsy.Theyconsistofamixtureofhyperactiveneuronalandglialcellsarisingfromthefloorofthethirdventricle.
下丘脑错构瘤是非常罕见的发育异常,典型的下丘脑错构瘤伴有内分泌异常和癫痫。它们由起源于三脑室底部的极度活跃的神经元和神经胶质细胞混合组成。
Theirtrueincidenceisunknown,butisestimatedatonein50,tooneinonemillion.Althoughclassicallyassociatedwithgelasticseizures,hypothalamichamartomasarealsoresponsibleforseveralothertypesofmoredebilitatingmedicallyrefractoryseizures.Endocrineabnormalities,includingcentralprecociouspuberty,havealsobeenimplicated.
下丘脑错构瘤确切的发病率不清楚,但估计在1/50,到1/1,,。尽管下丘脑性错构瘤典型的表现是痴笑样癫痫,但它也是其他几种类型的使人更衰弱的药物治性癫痫的原因。也表现为内分泌异常,包括中枢性性早熟。
下丘脑错构瘤确切的发病率不清楚,但估计在1/50到1/1。尽管下丘脑性错构瘤典型的表现是痴笑样癫痫,但它也能导致几种其他类型的严重的药物难治性癫痫。下丘脑错构瘤也可表现为内分泌异常,如中枢性性早熟。---不同的译法,请大家一起留言相互学习。
Behavioral,psychiatric,andcognitiveimpairmentsappeartohaveahigherincidenceinthispatientpopulationaswell.Intheirextremeform,hypothalamichamartomasleadtodisablingepilepsy,severecognitivedeficits,anddevelopmentaldelayinearlychildhood.
在这种患者群体中,行为、精神和认知障碍有更高的发生率。极端的情况下,下丘脑错构瘤可引起致残性癫痫、严重的认知缺陷和儿童早期的发育迟缓。
Diagnosis诊断
Apatientwithahypothalamichamartomamaypresentwithsignsandsymptomsofprecociouspubertyand/orseizures.Gelasticseizures,spellsofuncontrollablelaughter,werefirstreportedinthe19thcenturyandareconsideredahallmarkclinicalfinding.
下丘脑性错构瘤的患者可表现为性早熟和/或癫痫发作的症状和体征。痴笑样癫痫,即无法控制的笑声,在19世纪被首次报道,被认为是一个标志性的临床发现。
Thelaughingeventsaretypicallyfirstnotedinearlychildhood,andmayprogresstoincludeotherseizuretypes,includinggeneralizedtonic-clonicseizures,partial